Timing and carrier synchronization in wireless communication systems: a survey and classification of research in the last 5 years

EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

Table 10 Summary of synchronization research in single-carrier cooperative communication systems

Article	Network	DF/AF	DL	Fading	CSI Req.	CE	Blind/pilot	Est/Comp	TO/CFO	Bound	Comments
[205]	OWRN	QF	Yes	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Est	TO	Yes
[19]	OWRN	Both	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	CFO	Yes
[217]	OWRN	AF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	Both	Yes	DSTBC
[20]	OWRN	Both	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	Both	Yes
[215, 216]	OWRN	AF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	TO	Yes
[218]	OWRN	AF	Yes	Freq. sel.	No	No	N/A	Comp	Both	No	DSTBC
[206]	OWRN	Both	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Est	TO	Yes
[209]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. sel.	No	Yes	Pilot	Est	CFO	Yes
[204]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	TO	Yes	TS design
[208]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. flat	Yes	No	N/A	Comp	CFO	No	DSFBC
[211]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. flat	Yes	No	N/A	Comp	Both	No	DSTC
[212]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. flat	Yes	No	N/A	Comp	Both	No	DLC-STC
[210]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Blind	Both	Both	Yes
[207]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. sel.	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	CFO	No
[213]	OWRN	DF	No	Freq. flat	No	No	Pilot	Comp	Both	No	DSTBC
[221]	TWRN	AF	No	Freq. sel.	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	TO	No
[222]	TWRN	AF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	TO	Yes
[223]	TWRN	AF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Semi-blind	Both	TO	No
[219]	TWRN	AF	No	Freq. flat	No	No	Pilot	Both	CFO	No
[220]	TWRN	AF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	Both	Yes
[224]	TWRN	AF	No	Freq. flat	Yes	No	N/A	Comp	CFO	N/A
[214]	TWRN	DF	No	Freq. flat	No	Yes	Pilot	Both	TO	No