From: Algorithm and hardware design of a 2D sorter-based K-best MIMO decoder
Design | [7], 2006 | [6], 2006 | [8], 2010 | [9], 2012 | [11], 2007 | [12], 2010 | [5], 2013 | Proposed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Modulation | 16-QAM | 16-QAM | 64-QAM | 64-QAM | 64-QAM | (4-64)QAM | 64-QAM | (2-256)QAM |
K value | 5 | 5 | 5-64 | 10 | 64 | N/A | 10 | 21 |
Method | Real | Real | Real | Real | Complex | Complex | Complex | Complex |
Process | 0.35 µm | 0.25 µm | 65 nm | 0.13 µm | 0.13 µm | 0.13 µm | 0.13 µm | 90 nm |
Hard/soft decision | N/A | N/A | Hard | Hard | Soft | Soft | Hard | Soft |
fmax (MHz) | 100 | 132 | 158 | 282 | 270 | 198 | 417 | 590 |
Throughput | 54 | 424 | 732-100 | 675 | 100 | 285-431 | 1,000 | 2,700 |
(Mbps) | 210a | 1,178a | 529-72a | 975a | 140a | 411-623a | 1,444a | 2,700a |
Area (Kgate) | 91 | 114 | 1,760 | 114 | 280 | 350 | 340 | 180 |
Power (mW) | 626 | N/A | 165 | 135 | 94 | 57-74 | 1,700 | 56 |
NHE b (Mbps/Kgate) | 2.33 | 10.3 | 0.3-0.04 | 8.5 | 0.52 | 1.18-1.79 | 4.26 | 15.2 |
Latency (µs) | 2.4 | 0.4 | N/A | 0.6 | N/A | N/A | 0.36 | 0.07 |